ST introduces thermal diode controllers for ASIL-D automotive safety-critical applications
The STMicroelectronics STPM801 is the first to market diode controller with integrated heat change for automotive functional safety applications. This ideal diode controller drives an external MOSFET switching tube, replacing the Schottky diodes commonly used in input reverse protection and output voltage hold circuits.
The voltage drop on the MOSFET is lower than the forward voltage of the Schottky diode, so the power dissipated during normal operation is also lower than that of the diode. When a fault such as a power failure, power drop, or input short circuit causes a reverse voltage event, turning off the MOSFET power tube prevents the associated reverse current transients.
The ideal diode control circuit also provides an ORing controller for mains and backup battery power switching, ensuring uninterrupted power supply for safety-critical devices such as autonomous driving and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS).
The built-in heat change controller drives a second external n-channel MOSFET tube to protect the load during primary power and backup battery switching. The soft start function controls the on-transient events of the second MOSFET tube by charging a capacitor with a known capacitance value connected to the gate at a constant current to avoid high inrush current. As long as the input voltage is not within the specified threshold, the overvoltage and undervoltage pins will cut off the output voltage.
The STPM801 also has protection and monitoring functions and is suitable for systems with functional safety requirements up to ISO 26262 Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL) D. These functions are integrated in a 5mm x 5mm VFQFN-32 package, saving PCB board area and minimizing the number of external components.
The STPM801 operates in the 4V-65V range to withstand automotive electrical hazards, and the 25μA static current minimizes battery leakage when the vehicle is turned off. Targeted applications include area/body ECUs, ADAS ECUs, high-performance computing ECUs, infotainment ECUs, redundant power supply systems, and dual-battery systems.
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